Buddhism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Buddhism - Research Paper Example The region of Buddhism unlike its predecessor Confucianism was able to directly address the concept of human suffering. This is what led to its wide appeal for the Chinese populace since they were undergoing a lot of suffering due to disease, displacement and scarcity of food. There was a lot of infighting between the broken state and the people of China at the time were dealing with a lot chaos and disunity. This was due to the warring states who were vying for supremacy after the fall of the Han dynasty. The Han dynasty had been so powerful and every subsequent and hopeful successor of the now divided state desired to have its glory and power. The religion of Buddhism is still very strong despite Chinas official shift to atheism. This is in spite of Communist attempts at stamping out religion when they took control of China in 1949. Buddhism continues to grow in China most especially after the economic reforms in late eighties. (PARKER, 1905) The Buddhism that took hold in China is Mahayana form of Buddhism .In it are which variations within Mahayana Buddhism such as Zen Buddhism, Pure Land Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism).The Mahayana believes in the broader interpretations of Buddha’s teachings. This is in contrast to the more abstract philosophical nature present in Theravada Buddhism. The Mahayana Buddhists also belief in more contemporary Buddha’s like Amitabha. The Theravada Buddhists are against those beliefs so do not belief in the contemporary Buddha. The Buddhisms popularity also led to the quick conversion to Buddhism by later Chinese rulers (JETTY, 1914). These rulers made Buddhism into a state religion. The subsequent Sui and Tang Dynasties also all adopted Buddhism as their religion state religion. The foreign rulers of China were also not to be left out in their pursuit and practice of Buddhism such as the Yuan Dynasty and the Manchu’s dynasties. They did this in order to connec t with the Chinese populace and

How Technology Affects Teenagers Essay Example for Free

How Technology Affects Teenagers Essay Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make them better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly. Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make them better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly. Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they  were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make t hem better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly.

Essay --

Disha Shah Email Id: disha.shah2015@sims.edu 1st year (2013-2015) K R Shyam Email Id: kr.shyam2015@sims.edu 1st year (2013-2015) Symbiosis Institute of Management Studies, Pune How good or bad is India's Food Security Bill The National Food Security Bill, a dream envisioned by Sonia Gandhi, has taken sail. However, what remains to be seen is whether this Congress dream-boat will succeed without sinking the entire country into a bottomless pit of debt. Intended to work as a firewall to the innumerable scandals the government has been embroiled in, it promises food: the roti component of the roti, kapda and makaan trio. It stands not just as a basic service but also as an emotional call for votes. Rahul Gandhi incorporates it into his political campaign saying, "Poori roti khayenge, 100 din kaam karenge, dawaiee lenge aur Congress ko jitayenge" (Eat full roti, work for 100 days, receive free medicines and vote for Congress). Food Security: The mother of all Vote bank schemes The Bill proposes to provide food grains at subsidised rates to two thirds of the country’s population. Poised to be a game changer for the Congress party in terms of garnering the favour of the electorate, the bill was brought into the picture right before the 2014 elections: a move that the Congress hopes will ensure a hat-trick. Sam tactic was applied previously in the 2009 elections through the MNREGA scheme. However, all this will come at a huge cost to the Indian economy which is already in deep crisis. Fig 1: Poll Math Source: Business Standard Journey: Initial Setbacks to Acceptance Amongst Political Class The Food Security Bill has seen its share of initial hiccups while it was tabled in front of UPA’s cabinet for approval. Sharad Pawar, the then a... ...security Bill. However, it needs to be seen if the Indian government can manage the world’s largest food security programme without getting entangled in another scam of sorts. References http://www.firstpost.com/economy/sc-backs-centre-on-cutting-diesel-subsidy-to-bulk-consumers-1112503.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Food_Security_Bill,_2013 http://www.firstpost.com/india/shocker-india-constitutes-40-percent-of-worlds-malnourished-children-916359.html http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-08-30/news/41583434_1_food-security-bill-current-account-deficit-food-subsidy http://www.firstpost.com/economy/food-bill-is-the-biggest-mistake-india-might-have-made-till-date-1062841.html http://forbesindia.com/article/special/the-good-and-bad-of-the-food-security-bill/35135/1 http://www.deccanherald.com/content/213752/food-security-bill-good-politics.html

Who is Responsible for the Death of Romeo and Juliet? Essay -- Romeo a

In the play Romeo and Juliet there are lots of events that lead to the death of the two main characters. There are many people responsible for the death of Romeo and Juliet and some of these characters are Tybalt, Capulet and Friar Lawrence. In the play, Tybalt has a large influence on the death of Romeo and Juliet. He helps contribute to their deaths because he kills Mercutio and Romeo in turn kills Tybalt which causes Romeo to be banished from Verona. Then Juliet tells â€Å"Romeo is banished!† â€Å"There is not end no limit, measure, bound. In that word’s death: no words can that woe sound.† (Act III Scene II 128-130) If Romeo had taken the time to think before killing Tybalt he would not have killed him and therefore he would not be banished from Verona. Being banished from Verona causes Juliet heartache not being able to see Romeo. As Romeo leaves from Mantua Juliet says â€Å"O God, I have an ill-diving soul! Methinks I see thee, now thou art below as one dead in the bottom of a tomb† (Act III Scene V 54-56) Also if Romeo told Mercutio that he was in love with Juliet he may have understo...

Advantages of Activity Based Costing

In modern business environment, the use of traditional costing system is no longer relevance to the company to achieve competitive advantage. Nowadays, Activity Based Costing is considered as one of the effective tools to enhance the ability of the organisation to meet global competition. This had resulted in the change from traditional costing system to an increasingly popular costing system such Activity-Based Costing (ABC). ABC system has emerged as an alternative to traditional costing system to meet the need for accurate cost information about the products, services, customer and processes. ABC performs the arithmetic to provide accurate cost information while Activity Based Management (ABM) is focused on using this information obtained from ABC to manage activities in order to improving business (Gunasekaran et al. , 2000). Generally ABC systems enable indirect and support expenses onto each activity. Following by identify the cost drivers to measure the activity used by cost objects and allocate them to cost driver. In order word, ABC helps the manager to understand about the cost and expense in each production by giving managers a clearer picture of the economics of their operations to managerial decision making at a strategic level (Kaplan and Copper, 1998). Apart from that, in twenty-first century market which is global consumer markets and rapidly changing product technologies have forced global manufacturers to make dramatic changes in their products, markets as well as production strategies. In order to stay in the global market, organisations are advice to adopt ABC not only produces products at faster rates, but they produce with greater consistency and conformity to quality specifications. Also, ABC system allows the manufacturers to reduce the time between customer order and product delivery which can gives the manufacturer a competitive advantage in improving customer service (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Therefore, it is necessary for organisation to adopt ABC system which can assist managers in identifying the value-added activities which they could further improve to meet customer’s demands and enhancing the product quality and process simplification and efficiency (Marx, 2009). For example, MelCo is the company that implements ABC and gets the benefits from it. MelCo is the only manufacturer of engineering components in Melbourne. Its previous costing system was a conventional costing system where overheads were allocated to products based on labour hour utilised (Sohal and Chung, 1998). However, management found that implement ABC system in the organisation is seem to be useful because it can assist high level of flexibility and responsiveness that demanded by the marketplace. Besides, ABC system can generate true costing and pricing which automatically give performance measures and product profitability as well as provide a variety of information for management in strategic decision making. Even though it incur high cost, MelCo think that it is worthiness because it provides a tool for management for commercial decision making although it just implement for 12 months (Sohal and Chung, 1998). Due to the changes of business environment, the company requires to manufacture very wide product range for a large customer base with high quality and innovative products in order to fulfil the demand of the consumer. By implementing ABC in organisation, ABM guides efforts to adapt business strategies to meet competitive pressures as well as to improve business operations. ABC information enables ABM to yield continuous improvement process. By continuous improvement, organisation can yield the maximum profitability as well as improved the customer’s satisfaction (Gunasekaran et al. 2000). Nowadays, customers want products and services that fit their specific needs; they want quality service at affordable price to be right now. However, since traditional costing system is volume-based, inaccurate information will be generated which lead to company make wrong decision (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Apart from that, stable product and mass production are no longer valid for today manufacturing system. Thus, manufacturing companies have reduced the implication of traditional cost accounting system by implementing ABC systems. In contrast to standard costing, ABC can identify value-added and non-value-added activities. To clarify this, all activities should be compared with similar activities in another company or within the organisation in order to perform the best. Hence, benchmarking should be encourages to be carried out for both value-added and non-value added activities because it is a best practice which is mostly used in real-life situation (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). For example, 100% on time delivery of customer orders is an essential activity. Apart from that, non-value-added activities such as inspection and material handling can be reduced by using different quality assurance methods and techniques such as total quality management and just in time. With ABC, the company has a better access to decision which related to TQM and JIT (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). To achieve cost reduction in a strategic way, activity-based costing presents to be more accurate in determining costly activities in order to help companies to better manage those activities. Unlike the information available under traditional management accounting, ABC systems are capture the significant information among customer orders and provide strategic decision making with the indication of the changes in the customer’s specifications (Lere, 2000). By implementing ABC system, it also can reduce non-value activities as well as cost of their products to compete in today competitive market. Non-value added activities can be eliminated with the implementation of strategies such as total quality management, just in time and business process re-engineering. Managers should pay more attention to those activities which will incur high cost but does not add any value to the product. Besides, managers prepared with the ABC systems were able to reduce overall costs, identify the opportunities for continuous improvement of the products. Nowadays, technology plays a dominant role of integrating various functional areas. Although the automation in advanced manufacturing environment has reduced the labour component, at the same time overheads have increased (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Therefore, in manufacturing environment, it is necessary for organisation to minimize non-value adding activities to reduce the cost of their products to compete in the market. By implementing ABC system in organisation, it will help to reduce direct labour component, increase in overheads as well as productivity of knowledge workers. Apart from that, ABC also helps organisation in better communications and team working environment as well as reduce time required to perform an activities due to knowledge workers and re-engineering the suggestions by employees to reduce the non-value activities (Gunasekaran et al. 1999). In contrast, the traditional costing systems do not provide non-financial information such as defect rates, level of quality about the organisation. However, implementation of activity based costing is not an easy task as there are several difficulties in implementing ABC system. One of the first fundamentals for the success of an ABC implementation is top management support for the project (Zhang and Che, 2010). The failure of ABC projects can generally be attributed to lack of visible and active management. If the organisation’s senior managers do not show the commitment and act passive in the program, it will negatively reduce the motivation of the employees. Apart from that, the productivity of the employees will also affect as well. Therefore, top management should be give full support with clear understanding of goals and objectives of the whole organisation to the employees. Besides, they should meet regularly in order to advise the management on the strategic and technology business problems (Gunasekaran et al. , 1999). Commitment of employees is one of the important factors in implementing ABC system. For the successful implementation in ABC, the employees must have a clear understanding of its capabilities, goals and objectives (Zhang and Che, 2010). As a result, education and training are necessary for the employees to make sure that they understand the objective of ABC system. When the employees are well trained and educated, they can easily reduce the time and effort required to perform an activity, on-time delivery as well as reduce the cycle time of the product. Also, employees should be provide with internal and external company training facilities to ensure them gain latest knowledge and trend in order to maintain company’s standard in today global market (Zhang and Che, 2010). For example, MelCo is a company that implementing ABC system and it found that the problems during implementation was lack of available skills in-house which means that they do not have considerable amount of education and training. Therefore, MelCo are recommended that training of employees should be taking into consideration (Sohal and Chung, 1998). As a conclusion, the changes of global business environment had changes the way of the company doing the business and shift traditional management accounting to strategic management accounting for cost management in organisations. However, it does not means that traditional management accounting is usefulness and not applicable in today business environment. Relevance of traditional cost accounting is very subjective in each view of the organisation. It may be suitable for some companies treated standard costing and variance analysis as a tool that enhances planning and control and improves performance evaluation rather than abolished it. To compete in today business environment, strategic management accounting is the most suitable accounting system for the organisation as ABC method can provides more accurate and better cost information which can helps manager to understand and make strategic decision making. Furthermore, ABC system can eliminate the non-value added activities which added value to the product cost, by doing so, organisation can reduce those unnecessary costs. Thus, ABC system is most appropriate management accounting costing in today business environment. However, there are several problems and difficulties in implementing ABC system, company should take into consideration when implementing ABC in order to maximize the fully benefits for ABC systems.

Master Thesis

Master Thesis Master Thesis Master Thesis This page contains information that should help you to define and select a suitable thesis. The important step of master thesis writing is motivation. You have to argue why the thesis topic is worth of investigation. Write what is already known and what your work can add to the existing knowledge. Master thesis should not be short! References and details should be included in the chapter Background. Don't forget to write a thesis statement or research question. The thesis statement will provide the focus on the essentials of your master thesis. The goal of the thesis writing is to produce some new knowledge. You should structure and identify an old problem, develop a new solution to it. It is not easy to produce a new result, task but it is your chance to explore a new area and demonstrate your profound research skills. Describe the contributions you will make through writing a thesis; explain what the added value it creates to the existing body of knowledge and practitioners. For in stance, you may create models, guidelines, methods, processes, test hypothesis, evaluate feasibility, etc. Present the main considerable research that you would like to build upon in your master thesis. Show which references or paradigms you plan to follow and why. Present the fundamental concepts that are needed, define the objectives and scope of your work. Write a paragraph on each and refer to existing literature. Describe how you plan to address the problems and reach your goals, how you plan to conduct the necessary literature survey. Write what is already known about the area and the problem you are investigating. While writing a thesis don't forget about outline which can greatly help you with master thesis writing. Thesis Proposal Writing a thesis proposal, define a research problem following the below format: Background of the research problem. Problem definition. Theoretical background. Procedure. Materials and support Project schedule Bibliography Background of the research problem tells the reader the actuality of the master thesis. Problem definition states a problem and describes the previous approaches and explains why your approach is more effective. Theoretical background gives theoretical information and review of some published literature that is relevant to the thesis proposal problem. Procedure explain the reader how you will approach the problem by providing a detailed information. Materials and support describes what materials, instruments and facilities you will need to carry out your research. List and briefly discuss them. Project task breakdown and schedule - prepare a task breakdown and schedule of your work. Bibliography lists the publications you have consulted while writing a master thesis. Custom Thesis Writing Help If you are not sure in your ability to produce a well-researched master thesis meeting all academic requirements, you are welcome to place an order at and we will write a good master thesis for you in accordance to the instruction you provide.   We guarantee timely delivery and instant feedback!   We employ only professional master thesis writers!

The eNotes Blog Man Booker Prize Awarded to Eleanor Catton for The Luminaries

Man Booker Prize Awarded to Eleanor Catton for The Luminaries What were you doing at age 28? If you were author Eleanor Catton, you would be graciously  accepting Britains highest literary honor, the Man Booker Prize.   Catton won the prestigious award for her   second novel  The Luminaries.   In addition to making her the youngest recipient in the history of the prize, Cattons 832 page novel is also the longest work to ever win. The Luminaries  is set in New Zealand during the gold rush of 1866.   Catton knows the country well, as she moved from Canada to New Zealand at the age of six. Here is an excerpt from the novel, published by Londons  The Telegraph.   Click here to read the longer sampling: MERCURY IN SAGITTARIUS In which a stranger arrives in Hokitika; a secret council is disturbed; Walter Moody conceals his most recent memory; and Thomas Balfour begins to tell a story. The twelve men congregated in the smoking room of the Crown Hotel gave the impression of a party accidentally met. From the variety of their comportment and dress – frock coats, tailcoats, Norfolk jackets with buttons of horn, yellow moleskin, cambric, and twill – they might have been twelve strangers on a railway car, each bound for a separate quarter of a city that possessed fog and tides enough to divide them; indeed, the studied isolation of each man as he pored over his paper, or leaned forward to tap his ashes into the grate, or placed the splay of his hand upon the baize to take his shot at billiards, conspired to form the very type of bodily silence that occurs, late in the evening, on a public railway – deadened here not by the slur and clunk of the coaches, but by the fat clatter of the rain. Such was the perception of Mr. Walter Moody, from where he stood in the doorway with his hand upon the frame. He was innocent of having disturbed any kind of private conference, for the speakers had ceased when they heard his tread in the passage; by the time he opened the door, each of the twelve men had resumed his occupation (rather haphazardly, on the part of the billiard players, for they had forgotten their places) with such a careful show of absorption that no one even glanced up when he stepped into the room. This award marks the last in which Americans are not eligible to win.   In 2014, the Man Booker will also accept submissions from across the pond.   The only stipulations for consideration are that the work is published in English and that it is available for purchase in the U.K.   This year, Catton won against the following nominees:   Ã‚  A Tale for the Time Being  by Ruth Ozeki,  Harvest  by Jim Crace,  The Lowland  by Jhumpa Lahiri,  The Testament of Mary  by Colm Toibin and  We Need New Names  by NoViolet Bulawayo. In 2012, Hilary Mantel won for Bring Up the Bodies,  Ã‚  her sequel to  Wolf Hall.   Wolf Hall  won it in 2009.

The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling Review

'The Jungle Book' by Rudyard Kipling Review The Jungle Book is one of the works for which Rudyard Kipling is best remembered. The Jungle Book falls in line with works like Flatland and Alice in Wonderland (which offer satire and political commentary underneath the genre title of childrens literature). Likewise, the stories in The Jungle Book are written to be enjoyed by adults as well as children- with a depth of meaning and symbolism that delves far beyond the surface. Relationships and events related to The Jungle Book are important to any human being, including adult men and women, with or without families. While the tales can be read, or children may listen to them from an older reader, these stories need to be re-read later, in high school, and again in later adult life. They are enjoyable in every subsequent reading and the longer one lives, the broader is the frame of reference one has against which to draw the stories into perspective.The Kipling stories offer a marked perspective of a reminder of human origins and history as well as animal. As the Native American and other Indigenous Peoples often state: All are related under one sky. A reading of ​The Jungle Book at age 90 will reach several more levels of meaning than a childhood reading and both are just as brilliant an experience. The stories can be shared inter-generationally, with interpretations shared by all. The book is a group of stories that are actually quite good for â⠂¬Å"Grandparents in the School† types of family literacy programs of the current day. Importance of the Tales Kipling is still much quoted, via Gunga Din and his famous poem â€Å"IF,† but The Jungle Book  is also important. They are important because they address the prime relationships in one’s life- family, coworkers, bosses- and everyone’s relationship with Nature. For instance, if a boy is raised by wolves, then wolves are his family until the last one dies. The themes of The Jungle Book revolve around noble qualities such as loyalty, honor, courage, tradition, integrity, and persistence. These are good to discuss and ponder in any century, making the stories timeless.My favorite Jungle Book story is of a young mahout and his elephant and the legend of the elephant dance in the middle of the forest. This is Toomai of the Elephants. From wooly mammoths and mastodons to our zoological parks, to the Elephants Sanctuary in the American South to Disney’s Dumbo, and Seuss’s Horton, elephants are magical creatures. They know friendship and heartache and can cry. Kipling may have been the first to show that they can also dance. The young mahout, Toomai, believes the tale of the infrequent event of Elephant Dance, even when the seasoned elephant trainers try to dissuade him. He is rewarded for his belief by being taken to that very dance by his own elephant, spending time in another world that few can enter. Faith makes entrance possible, so Kipling tells us, and there is the possibility that childlike faith can be translated to any number of human events. â€Å"Tiger-Tiger† After Mowgli left his Wolf Pack, he visited a Human village and was adopted by Messua and her husband, who both believed him their own son, previously stolen by a tiger. They teach him Human customs and language and help him adjust to a new life. However, the wolf-boy Mowgli hears from Grey Brother (a wolf) that trouble is afoot against him. Mowgli does not succeed in the Human village but makes enemies of a hunter, a priest, and others, because he denounces their unrealistic comments about the jungle and its animals. For this, he is reduced to the status of the cowherd. This story suggests that perhaps the animals are more just than Humans.The tiger Sheer Khan enters the village, while Mowgli takes half his cattle to one side of a ravine, and his wolf brothers take the rest to on the other side. Mowgli lures the tiger into the middle of the ravine and the cattle trample him to death. The envious hunter broadcasts that the boy is a wizard or demon and Mowgli is exiled to wander the c ountryside. This certainly shows the dark side of human beings, again suggesting that animals are nobler creatures.​ Other Favorite Tales Other favorites from this collection are â€Å"The White Seal†, the tale of a Bering Sea’s seal pup that saves 1000s of his kindred from the fur trade, and â€Å"Her Majesty’s Servants†, a story of the conversations heard by a man among the camp animals of the Queen’s military. The entire collection observes mankind from a stance of needing improvement that is possible if they listen to animal wisdom.

At&t in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

At&t in China - Essay Example AT&T also needed to reconsider how its decentralized organizational structure could serve as a barrier in China where product pricing are mixed up with other factors in sealing contracts. Another barrier to be faced with a long-term view was that telecoms sector in China would probably remain a heavy regulated industry for a long-time. Like media and utilities, the telecoms industry is a sector that Chinese authorities would not trust wholly into the hands of foreigners because of its national security implications. It must be assumed that since AT&T already signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) in February 1993 with the Chinese authorities allowing AT&T to offer its broad array of services in the country albeit jointly with the Chinese government meant that at even with the regulated aspect of the telecom industry, the company had been given room to negotiate terms in their undertakings. And even when the United States threatened to tie China's human rights record to the renewal of its Most Favored Nation Status - AT&T, being the America's biggest telecom firm was at an opportune time to use it to leverage its influence on the US government and use it to negotiate some favorable terms from the Chinese government. To be able to compete in China, AT&T needed to address three fronts so as to keep up with the challenge - first, the heavy regulated aspect of the Chinese telecommunicat... whose focus is to provide direct telephone services as could be seen in its primary operations in the United States was a challenge in China where providing actual telephone services was closed off to foreign companies. It must then re-focus on manufacturing and systems and network infrastructure build-up for the state enterprise agencies responsible for purchase of telecom equipment at least for the short term while actual provision of telephone services were yet closed off. The decision of whether to embark on a national manufacturing strategy must be deferred according to the set-up of the telecom industry in China, where economic decision making had been decentralized to the local government units.1 AT&T could focus building manufacturing plants on targeted locations based on which provinces or regions offer the best deals in terms of market access, tax breaks, availability of manpower, availability of competitive facilities and utilities, etc. But first it must explore venues to establish joint ventures with local Chinese companies especially in the field of 5ESS switch manufacturing, VLSI manufacturing, network management expertise, R&D with Bell Labs, optical transmission manufacturing, wireless manufacturing, customer premises equipment manufacturing, training, systems integration, and network service offerings.2 The strategy of having local Chinese partners would greatly help a foreign company such as AT&T to smoothen relationships with Chinese telecom regulators. Local partners would also offer valuable insights into the unique aspects of the Chinese market, with the special note that AT&T in 1993 had very few years of experience in terms of international or global strategizing. The importance of local partners takes an even more importance as the foreign

Forget about Copywriting in Advertisements Essay

Forget about Copywriting in Advertisements - Essay Example The present competitive environment is characterized by numerous market players trying to capture the same market segment. Bargaining power of consumers is on the high and hence it has become a very important issue among the managers to create a distinction and have an edge in the market (Chew & Gottschalk, 2009, p.57)). Companies are spending billions to analyze the demands of the customers and undertaking continuous research and development to market products that satisfies the ever changing needs of the consumers. In this regard marketers also banking upon advertising as a medium to communicate to the target market audience (Pringle & Marshall, 2012, p.16). This assumes importance as in the present age of competition it is very necessary to remain in close contact with the customers and also have channels that can help marketers communicate with the customers (Rich, 2009, p.218). Huge volumes of resources and time are being spent on creating advertisements that are innovative so a s to ensure that the intended message reaches out to the consumers. Extensive market research is being carried out to ensure that the advertisements are creative and that individuals take time to view these advertisements and that the intended message reaches out to the target market audience (Yeshin, 2005, p.215-216). However with all the organization placing numerous advertisements it has been found that customers are getting annoyed and irritated by the number of such advertisements that they are being flooded everyday. Customer’s everyday is bombarded with mails, messages as well as advertisements on television and print media that are confusing them and as a result they are largely ignoring these advertisements (Kenworthy & Rodrigues, 2007, p.141). This has made it very essential to not only generate innovative means of advertising but also ensure that the advertisements are popular and acceptable by the audience. The question of ethics also comes into play in this regar d with many marketers indulging in unethical means to ensure viewership of advertisements (Lee & Johnson, 2005, p.174). Hence it has been a critical aspect for marketers to undertake strategies in this regard so as to ensure that advertisements are effective and that the intended message reaches out to the customers in an effective manner that generates value or the customers as well as the organization. The aspect of proper advertising also implies copyrights with various companies trying to outpace each other by copying or mimicking the advertisements of their competitors. Governments across nations are also putting legislative regulation on marketing advertisements so as to ensure fair competition in the market (Buskop, 2008, p.120). The present study would specifically analyze the aspect of advertisements that would include analyzing the aspect of creating innovations in advertisements and promotions and also to ensure that customers view the advertisements and the correct messa ge reaches out to the target market segments so as to help a company stay ahead of the competition in the market and generate innovations. Importance of Art of Copywriting The art of Copywriting is as important as ever, no matter how much the advertising world has changed. There has always been a need for copywriters because of the fact that copywriting provides a

Self esteem development in the classroom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Self esteem development in the classroom - Essay Example Initially acknowledged by James (1890), self-esteem is defined as a ‘belief and self-confidence in your own ability and value.† Thus, self-esteem is increasingly becoming better described and might be understood as an evaluative process by which individuals assess the differences between self-image (how we are) and, the ideal-self (how we want to be). Figure 1 The Structure of Self-Esteem Defining Self-Esteem Coppersmith (1967) considers self-esteem to be "the evaluation that the individual makes and customarily maintains with regard to him/herself. It expresses an attitude of approval or disapproval and indicates the extent to which the individual believes him/herself to be capable, significant and worthy". The definitions described above illustrate that an individual's level of self-esteem is determined mainly by the feedback received from the social environment, including home and school. It is important to note that all the beliefs and images which individuals possess as an essential part of their self-concept are not an innate element of an individual's self concept. Individuals are all born with certain observable physical attributes and untouched capability, but no one was born with completely developed understandings that s/he is gifted or stupid, ugly or good looking, extrovert or introvert. Most of the images and beliefs which one possesses about oneself as adults are acquired before adulthood. The source of an individual’s self-concept starts from how others treat them and what they tell them about the individuals. Newborns develop an overall impression in relation to whether they are cherished or not based on the extent to which they are treated. In early childhood, the development of children's self-concept is effected to a large extent by non-verbal communication. In adolescence, when the language skills are developed, they begin to decipher those general expressions into words and expressions (O’Toole, 1995). Childrenâ⠂¬â„¢s self-concept is further formed when they enter school. At this level children become alert of the fact whether they are approved by others and are included in activities or because they are disliked and are often left alone. Children also become conscious of their talents and limitations from the feedback they get from teachers and fellow students (O’Toole, 1995). Two psychological processes deal with the evaluation of social feedback that includes self-evaluation and self-worth. For each person, the real-self and the ideal-self are different because the ideal-self includes what a person would like to turn into. This difference is vital, however, because without some level of goal, children and adults become inadequately adjusted. It is normal, and in far praiseworthy, for a person to be constantly working hard. Yet, the smaller the difference between the real-self and the ideal-self, the greater confidence the individual will have, and the greater will be his/her abil ity to attain a high level of self-esteem. On the other hand, when there is a huge difference between the real-self and ideal-self, the individual is more prone to have a low self-esteem (O’Toole, 1995). Global Self-Esteem Global Self-Esteem Academic Non-Academic English Math Science Other Social Physical Parents Others Appearance Skill Figure 2 The Self-Esteem Hierarchy Global self-esteem is a person’s total feeling of self-esteem which becomes steady as the child grows (Marsh et al., 1984). Tasks that do not

P2P Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

P2P Networks - Essay Example At present, a majority of these P2P file sharing networks offer very little limitations as to the kind of files that are being exchanged across this network, especially since this type of sharing is done directly with other computers, meaning, you are downloading from another person’s computer and vice versa. In the end, it will leave a user being entertained or gratified while the copyright laws of the content creators are being breached. The rights of all should be acknowledged and copyright laws should be respected. In other words, some regulations need to be implemented to reduce if not completely halt the illegal distribution of copyrighted files. The Entertainment Industry especially has since been plagued with the many acts of piracy, which is not good for business and also unethical. Can you imagine a business that gives out their merchandise as freebies everyday? Exactly, they would be broke! Now try and relate that to the Entertainment Industry. Producers invest a lot of money in it expecting to make a profit from sales. The only thing is that, it is not being sold; instead it is being distributed for FREE by probably millions! Due to the nature of this file sharing, each computer downloading from each other, a more rational argument on who to blame for the illegal activities taking place there would be the administrators. It is almost certain that there are professionals out there who can maybe add some HTML script to the site to help differentiate between copyrighted material, non-copyrighted material and material available under a Creative Commons License. Copyrighted material should be blocked from being added to the site and its searches in the first place. This way, copyrighted material cannot be downloaded from a particular P2P site and this is the administrator’s responsibility. Personally, the Researcher uses a P2P network. Despite its unscrupulousness, their lack in restrictions screams â€Å"it’s a flea market, buy

The Observing a Cemetery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Observing a Cemetery - Essay Example I was deeply engrossed in the sweet and soft music of natures’ orchestra while shiny, intricately engraved brass cross stood directly above to guard me against all evils. As l touched the soft flowers and felt the crisp leaves under me, it dawned on me that like never before, my mind is perfectly clear and my thoughts absolutely focused. Grief-stricken by the obvious neglect, l slumped against a tombstone. Thick overgrown grass and weeds surrounded me. The sky above me was misty and overcast and the atmosphere seemed ghastly. The bitter cold autumn wind bit my body irritably. I watched in sadness, a woman weeping at a nearby grave, her sobbing breaking the eerie silence, like an erroneous note in a chorus. From the ruins of a mausoleum, the wrinkled undertaker was constantly staring at me suspiciously with his tired eyes. The air was thick with the unpleasant smell of exposed skeletons. As my realized the gross disrespect and neglect, the cold and stinging arms of guilt grippe d me. The old oak tree looked just like the untendered graves, a heartbreaking failure to provide rightfully owed perpetual care. In anguish, all my senses screamed sorrow and sadness and l could not lift my eyes from the ground. I was deeply resenting coming here and wanted desperately for this disrespect to end. In these two paragraphs, I described a cemetery, a place by and large associated with negative undertones. In the first paragraph, I describe the graveyard in affirmative radiance, focusing on the serenity, tranquility, and beauty, while in the second I cast a negative shadow, focusing on neglect, and that â€Å"guilty† feeling that seems to grip your body. A Direct Statement of Meaning: I concluded the first paragraph with †¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" it dawned on me that like never before, my mind is perfectly clear and my thoughts absolutely focused.†Ã‚  Ã‚  

P2P Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

P2P Networks - Essay Example At present, a majority of these P2P file sharing networks offer very little limitations as to the kind of files that are being exchanged across this network, especially since this type of sharing is done directly with other computers, meaning, you are downloading from another person’s computer and vice versa. In the end, it will leave a user being entertained or gratified while the copyright laws of the content creators are being breached. The rights of all should be acknowledged and copyright laws should be respected. In other words, some regulations need to be implemented to reduce if not completely halt the illegal distribution of copyrighted files. The Entertainment Industry especially has since been plagued with the many acts of piracy, which is not good for business and also unethical. Can you imagine a business that gives out their merchandise as freebies everyday? Exactly, they would be broke! Now try and relate that to the Entertainment Industry. Producers invest a lot of money in it expecting to make a profit from sales. The only thing is that, it is not being sold; instead it is being distributed for FREE by probably millions! Due to the nature of this file sharing, each computer downloading from each other, a more rational argument on who to blame for the illegal activities taking place there would be the administrators. It is almost certain that there are professionals out there who can maybe add some HTML script to the site to help differentiate between copyrighted material, non-copyrighted material and material available under a Creative Commons License. Copyrighted material should be blocked from being added to the site and its searches in the first place. This way, copyrighted material cannot be downloaded from a particular P2P site and this is the administrator’s responsibility. Personally, the Researcher uses a P2P network. Despite its unscrupulousness, their lack in restrictions screams â€Å"it’s a flea market, buy

Marketing to a Developing Country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing to a Developing Country - Essay Example It is estimated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that in 2013 the country will exhibit a growth of about 7.8% in its Gross Domestic Product. The growth rate of the country is significantly slowing down in the last 13 years because of the new believe of the policy makers. The policy makers in China now believe to have to sustained growth other than simply having a volatile high growth rate (Gordin, 2011). The country has adopted a new economic model that primarily intends to expand the sectors like consumption, service and innovation. Toys played by the children are luxury goods in nature. It is empirically true that the growing yield of per Capita income level will increase the purchasing power of the big strength of the Chinese population. The country had a strong socialistic economy, over the last few years the nation has adopted liberalization in free market principles. The state attempts to increase its consumption activities from 35% of its GDP to 50% from 2010 to 2015 ( Buyusainfo, 2013).Thus precisely if a business owner intends to spread business internationally for the first time then the growing market of China can be a good starting point. China is a labor surplus economy so it would be easier for the business firm to expand its business with cheap waged laborers. Furthermore the country is expanding over its level of domestic consumption. The Chinese toy market is wide and competitive, thus first starting a business in China will make the firm more competitive. 2. Determine aspects of your business’ product that you may have to change in order to accommodate the selected foreign country’s needs (packaging, advertising, etc.). China is a country which is known all over the world for its rapid technological development. Chinese Toy’s and electronic goods are well known in the market for electronic gadgets. Thus a newly entering business of toys in the Chinese market should strategically plan its packaging, advertising and p romotion in the market. When it comes to packaging the company must make ecological friendly packages for the toys. The product packaging must be attractive and colorful that it becomes catchy in the eyes of young children. The bright outlook of the packages must attract the children. The company in order to promote the sales of the toys must keep the provision of product trials. Children being able to play with the toys once would surely desire to buy them. The company should try to efficiently allocate its resources to spend a considerable amount on advertisements. Attractive advertisements in television would promote the sales of the toys. The company should adopt the policy of penetrating pricing. The price of the toys at the beginning must be lower than the prices set by the potential rivals in the market. Once the company achieves brand loyalty and trust from the consumers of China they can profitably increase the prices of the toys. Toys are luxury goods and people do intend to pay a lot for them (Som, 2013). 3. Create a plan that identifies emerging markets that you would like for your business to enter into overtime. The business that newly desires to international trade should always try to emerge its fame in the growing economies of the world. This is because in the growing economies per Capita income levels of the buyers increases rapidly. Indeed, if the purchasing power of commoners increases then it would become more likely for them to turn

Culture and Anthropologists Essay Example for Free

Culture and Anthropologists Essay The problems that faced by anthropologists in the fieldwork are adaptation to new culture, maintain objectivism and get access to all information from their subjects. Adaptation to new culture is hard, since they have to stay for a period of time and try to live in the way their subjects’ do. Adaptation that done by anthropologists is not only adapt new lifestyle, but also learning their cultural norms and language in order to be accepeted by their subjects as a part of them, not only as a foreigner. For instance, M. N. Srinivas was got disapproval for shaving before bath since in that community, people are shaving after bath (Srinivas, 2002). However, by adapting the culture, anthropologists not only gain knowledge about how the culture is, but they will have better understanding on the culture. Knowing why do people in certain culture do certain activity, how the culture has impacted the people on that community and the historical of the culture as well. On top of that, a better understanding of the culture may assist the anthropologists to produce an unbiased ethnography by avoiding ethnocentrism. Having different cultures, people tend to make a comparison among the culture. It could be inevitable when living with people with different cultures in which values, norms and behavioural acceptance are in different manner. This objectivism is needed when anthropologists faced problem with what they observe. Remain objective could be a bit hard when the anthropologists have an emotional involvement on problems that their subjects’ face. For example, when Claire did the observation on prostitutes lifestyle and have emotional pressure, at some point she need to out from the field, so that her objectivism is remain stable (Sterk, 2009). Other than avoiding ethnocentrism, maintaining objectivism is also required to build a good relationship with their subjects. By the example on what Claire done, the thing that can be learned is anthropologists should not interfere too much on their subjects’ life, and also anthropologists should be able to set a boundaries to limit to what extend they can emotionally interfere with their subjects (Sterk, 2009). The other problem that faced the most by anthropologists is get access to all information from their subjects. In order to find the respondents, anthropologists need to show their respects to gain trust from the leader of that community. The importance of key respondents is to open a path to ommunicate with other members in that community to get more perception of how the norms and culture affect their life. However, the problem is, sometimes anthropologists wrongly identify the key repondents. According to Calire E. Sterk (2009), anthropologists need to be able to find the right person as their key respondents, if not, then the access to information is too narrow, which could cause misinterp retation on the data. For instance, during fieldwork in Rampura village, M. N. Srinivas observed a community that led by a headman that very strict on cultural rules(Srinivas 2009). The headman always watch whatever Srinivas did and limited the access to the members of that community , till the time when he realize that there are two faction and apparently the second faction is more open to foreigners than the first faction (Srinivas, 2009). By reading this case, there is something that can be a learning experience which is before anthropologists do participant observation, they need to know how is the structure of that society, what are the cultural values, norms and belief that they believe in and the most important thing is to know what are motivations to do such a cultural activities and how they do it.

Marketing Essays International Advertising

Marketing Essays International Advertising International Advertising International marketing advertising in this case can be taken to mean the dissemination of commercial messages to the target group globally. It involves the communication of a newly or even an existing products in a particular producing country so that it can reach the potential consumers all over the world. This is because you tend to find that the target audience for a particular product will tend to differ from one country to another. This is because of the many believes and attitudes which are possessed by so many people all over the world. It is due to this that international marketing has proved to be quite effective in that it will involve communicating of new produced products to many countries. You also find that the way people perceive or interpret stimuli or even symbols, the way people tend to respond to emotional or humour appeals plus their many levels of languages and literacy will require international marketing advertising so that the product can reach the potential consumer. There are so many ways by which international marketing advertising can take place so that the target audience can be in a position to access these products. Through the paper, I will try to analyze how international advertising takes place with reference to the tusker brewing company in Kenya. (Douglas, 2001) International advertising by Tusker Brewing Company You find that for international marketing to take place, the firms producing these products should be organized in a way which will make this advertising to be quite effective. For example the multinational firms need to centralize their advertising decisions plus budgeting this mode of advertising since its bit expensive as when compared to other modes of advertising. They need to have a number of agencies in such countries so that they can advertise their many products. So for the case of the tusker brewing company in Kenya, you find that they have agencies in other countries like it has agencies in Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi whereby the work of these agencies is to market the tusker products in to these countries. It’s through this advertising that most of the potential consumers are in a position to access this beer hence leading to increased profits in the company. You find that its budgets are usually decentralized and also placed in the hands of its local subs idiaries resulting in the greater use of the local advertising agencies. So these agencies usually move from one country to another advertising these products to the potential consumers and hence its through this international advertising that many potential customers from all corners of the world will get the type of beer they want which will satisfy them fully while at the same time increasing the companies profits hence leading to economic development. Since many people tend to differ in their consumption pattern, you will find that a particular country can have a high consumption of the tusker beer more than the producing country and this is one of the factors which have led to the international advertising. (Rijkens, 2000) Developing an international advertising strategy will prove very much important since an advertising strategy will develop a regional or even a global advertising campaign. For example you will find that if the advertising in this case is to develop a strong corporate or even a global image, in this case you will find that a uniform global campaign strategy will be most effective. So with the tusker brewing company, it has developed a global advertising campaign whereby it needs to reach as many customers as possible. So it sends its agencies to different countries whereby campaigns are usually carried advertising the particular produced beer in the market. This global campaign in this case has several advantages unlike the local campaigns in that when tusker brewing company advertises its new products globally, then it will be in a position to get more customers worldwide who will buy its beer hence leading to increased profits to the company. So the global campaigns in this case ar e so much beneficial as far as the tusker company is concerned. Alden, D 2001 There are so many world advertising industries which operate in almost all countries so it is the role of the company to use such agencies if it does not want to employ its own agencies to market its products to these countries. But with the case of the Tusker brewing company, it has its own marketers who go advertising its products in to these countries. (Albers-Miller, 2001) Due to the rise of the new technology, you find that the globalization process has come up with so many technologies which have made advertising of alcohol products to be effective. Advertising of the products in this case can take through the internet whereby most of the potential consumers in this case can be in a position to have access to such products. So the new technology has made advertising of the products to be quite effective since you will find that the consumers need only to access such products through the internet hence be in a position to know the new products which have been introduced in the market. There are so many websites which have come up with the new technology hence you find that most of the alcohol companies which produce such beers can market their new brands through the internet meaning that people from all corners of the world can be in a position to access the newly produced beer in the market. Internet advertising is one of the ways by which most of th e alcohol companies have been in a position to differentiate their many products from their competitors. This is because you find that there are so many brewing companies all over the world and the only way most of the alcohol producers can try to compete effectively in the competitive world is to try and differentiate their many brew products. So you will find that most of the new brands of alcohol which are produced care advertised through the internet. I will give the example of the Tusker Company in Kenya which has used the internet to advertise its many products through the internet. It is due to this that the tusker company in Kenya has been in a position to compete effectively with the other companies say the Coca-Cola company among other companies in Kenya. Differentiation of products is very much important for any company which needs to grow. This is because if the tusker company differentiates its products through the provision of new brand names and then advertises them t o the potential consumers, then you will find that this company will be in a position to increased profits. (Albers-Miller, 2001) The brand name which is used by the manufacturer in this case will very much matter. The content of the brand name will have an impact to the potential consumers hence in this case, branding of products is very much important so that the consumers can be in a position top know the type of beer they are taking and the several ingredients which were used to make such beer. This is according to a research which was done of the significance of branding in to a particular newly produced product in the market. A certain brand of beer was produced and then put in unbranded bottle and another beer was also produced and put in a branded bottle and research was done on the two beers where market research was done. The tow bottles were taken in to the market and results were that the branded beer had so many customers unlike the unbranded bottle. It was found that most of the potential consumers of tusker could not purchase the new produced beer simply because it did not have any contents which could show the type of beer which was been sold in the market. So this particular research tells us that when marketing or even advertising our newly produced products in the market, you will find that it is quite essential to ensure that the alcohol products are branded so that the consumers in this case can be in a position to know the type of beer which is been sold in the market. The brand name will matter a lot since most of the consumers will go with the brand name which answers their many problems. A good example to explain this is that most of the alcoholics want the beer which will make them stay high for quite along time. So if the content of your beer does not convince the consumers to buy it, then you will find that your particular products in this case will not get many customers hence leading to the closure of your business. So international marketing in this case will mean that the type of brand which is used in your products will tend to convince so many people to b uy and should go with the demands of the consumers. International advertising has its advantages and disadvantages as far as the operation of the tusker brewing company is concerned. Let’s try to analyze some of the advantages of the international advertising by the Tusker brewing company in Kenya. (Albers-Miller, 2001) Advantages International marketing advertising has so many advantages as when compared to its disadvantages. First you will find that international advertising will mean communication the products in to so many customers hence meaning that the company will have build a strong coherent global image for its products worldwide. In this case most of the potential consumers from different countries of the world will tend to have access of the newly produced product in the market hence meaning that the company will eventually have increased profits. This is because it will have accrued so many customers to buy the beer. You also find that the use of same images in many countries whereby the new brand of beer is advertised will tend to build a familiarity and also try to generate more synergies across the world market. Here, you will find that the continuous advertising in these countries will make the product to be more familiar to the target audience hence meaning that the consumers in this case will have known the product for quite enough periods. This is because you find that most of the consumers are clever today since most of the greedy marketers who advertise bad products advertise it once and after selling it completely they disappear from the market completely. So with the continuous advertising of the products in to these countries you will that the consumers will be familiar with the product hence leading to huge profits by the company. (Albers-Miller, 2001) Disadvantages Despite the advantages tusker brewing company has had with the international marketing advertising, it has experienced some disadvantages. One is that international advertising is an expensive mode of advertising since it needs a heavy budget for it can start such campaigns. So when employing these agencies, these people need to be paid a lot of money since they are trying to market the product on your behalf. So a lot of money is required to pay such agencies who go marketing your product in to the many countries in which they visit. Also, it will involve internet advertising which is an expensive method to use by the producers of the tusker beer. So in this case you will find that since most of the consumers do not have access to the internet especially those people at the rural areas, then it will become a bit hard to communicate the product to them. The issue of a language barrier can occur when advertising hence meaning that if the marketers differ in their languages, then it wi ll be difficult for the international marketing to take place. (Grey, 2004) Conclusion International advertising can act as an integrating force across the national boundaries whereby the advertising of the new product tend to go beyond the bounders of the producing countries so that the product can be communicated to the target audience. This is because of the many consumption differences by so many people since people tend to differ in the consumption of such products. Reference Douglas, P 2001, International marketing strategy, McGraw Hill, New York. Grein, A 2004, International advertising management, Bacon and Allyn, Boston Rijkens, G 2000, Advertising strategies, Cassell, London Albers-Miller, N 2001, designing cross cultural advertising research: A closer look at paired comparisons. Journal of international marketing review Vol. 13(5) Alden, D 2001, Identifying global and culture specific dimensions in humour in advertising A multinational analysis, Journal of marketing. Grey, A 2004, â€Å"every market needs a different message†, IABC Communication World.

An Annotation of Paul Laurence Dunbars Ships That Pass In The Night :: Dunbar Ships Pass Night Poem Essays

An Annotation of Paul Laurence Dunbar's Ships That Pass In The Night Laurence Dunbar's "Ship That Pass In The Night" is a cry for opportunity for all men, regardless of race. Dunbar's poem directly parallels a passage from Frederick Douglass' autobiography that gives an account of his life as a slave. Both Douglass and Dunbar look out at the ships that sail by and see hopes for societal changes. Although they both sought change, their aspirations were quite different. Frederick Douglass watched the ships from ashore, wishing for freedom and for slavery to be abolished. Paul Laurence Dunbar on the other hand was already a free man. He was on a ship, still more of an opportunity than Douglass had, yet he was still in search for new opportunities for African Americans. The new opportunities that he seeks are upon a ship somewhere sailing in the dark night and keep passing him by. Links from the poem below are best read in order from the beginning of the poem to the end Ships That Pass In The Night by Paul Laurence Dunbar Out in the sky the great dark clouds are massing; I look far out into the pregnant night, Where I can hear a solemn booming gun And catch the gleaming of a random light, That tells me that the ship I seek is passing, passing. My tearful eyes my soul's deep hurt are glassing; For I would hail and check that ship of ships. I stretch my hands imploring, cry aloud, My voice falls dead a foot from mine own lips, And but its ghost doth reach that vessel, passing, passing. O Earth, O Sky, O Ocean, both surpassing, O heart of mine, O soul that dreads the dark! Is there no hope for me? Is there no way That I may sight and check that speeding bark Which out of sight and sound is passing, passing? The speaker begins by looking out into the night sky and sees a storm brewing. The storm represents the future, and like the nature of a storm, the future is unpredictable. A storm can either be threatening with thunder and lightning, or just a gentle rain that comes and goes. The speaker does not know what the future will bring for African Americans. He only knows that something is going to happen. The night is "pregnant" with opportunity and equality, waiting to deliver to people of all races. But the storm brewing on the night horizon is both threatening and promising for the speaker.

Presidency Essay -- Essays Papers

Presidency Although it is often said that the President of the United States holds the most powerful office in the world, this does not mean that he is able to decide very much for himself. The American Constitution, which was adapted in 1789, clearly states the Separation of Powers. Thus, the president makes up only one third of the government, namely the executive branch. He is also controlled by a complex system of checks and balances, which makes sure that he (or any of the other branches, for that matter) does not become too powerful. We will now have a look at the different problems which may be facing a recently elected president, and then discuss to what extent his powers are important. The first and foremost problem is that the president does not necessarily have a majority in Congress behind him. As the American system of government is non-parliamentary, the president is elected by the people, not by Congress, Thus there may very well be, as there is at the moment, a Democrat as president, with a Republican majority in Congress. The president will then have to do a lot of negotiation and adaptation, to be able to get new laws through Congress. He will not be able to follow the politics entirely of his own liking. But even if the president is supported by a majority in Congress, this does not mean that everything is necessarily fine. Since there are only two important parties in the USA, the representatives from each group make up a far from homogenous mass. Conservative Democrats may very well support the Republicans in many cases, and liberal Republicans may support the Democrats. President Clinton experienced the trouble connected to this in the years 1993-94, when he faced a Democrat, but nevertheless relu... ...e power of the President (sic)is great if he can use it; but it is a moral power, a power activated by persuasion and discussion." The president will always have to co-operate in order to achieve something. If conflicts arise between him and Congress, for example, trouble is in the horizon. This happened in 1995, when President Clinton refused to sign the national budget proposed by Congress. The entire government came to a stand still for a couple of weeks, and then Congress had to back off. They were not strong enough to override Clinton's veto (they would have needed a 2/3 majority). And of course, as already mentioned, the president exercises an immense influence on political life. Therefore, despite all the elements which may pester his existence, the president could rightly be called the most powerful man of the US, and thus, in today's situation, of the world.

Profitability of Slavery Essay

Briefly state the two opposing views. A. Abolitionists condemned slavery based on moral, social, and economic reasons. Many believed that slaves were mistreated and were often subjected to corporal punishment. Others argued that the forced labor of blacks was inefficient and unproductive for various racial and economic reasons. Ulrich Phillip’s studies from the antebellum slavery in the south claimed that although plantation slavery produced great wealth, even without the civil war, slavery was economically on a dead end due to the rising cost of factor prices (slaves) increasing faster than the product prices (cotton). B.Economists approached slavery as a business matter and tested its profitability. They perceived slaves as a capital investment and argued it was not in an owner’s interest to enforce severe corporal punishment because it would lower their rates of return. Alfred Conrad and John Meyer calculated the price of a slave along with their rates of return to determine profitability. They concluded that the rapid increase of factor prices (slaves) was mainly due to the fact that output per slave was also increasing. Outline in some detail the more traditional view. Where did it come from? What was it based upon? In 1905, historian Ulrich Phillips wrote a study based primarily on slave prices relative to cotton prices. Ulrich claims that American-born slaves were sold at a higher cost than fresh African slaves, because of their training in plantation labor and domestic service. Slave prices were low in the late 1780’s and early 90’s until Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin came in 1793. Due to the increasing demand for labor, slave prices steadily increased and spiked after the prohibition of the African trade in 1807. Despite prohibition, between 1800 and 1860, the slave growth rate averaged about 2.4 percent per year (W.R. 222). Based on Phillip’s table of slave and cotton prices in Georgia, it shows the average price of a prime field hand, in 1800, was approximately $450. At the same time, the average New York price of upland cotton was 30 cents; however, in 1860 we see a significant difference in prices. The average cost for a prime field hand is now $1,800 and the average New York price of upland cotton is 11 cents. Phillips explained, â€Å"The decline in the price of cotton was due to improvements in cultivating, ginning and marketing. The advance of the slave prices was due in part to increasingly intelligence and ability of Negroes and to improvements in the system of directing their work on the plantations, also to the decline in the value of the money.† (Phillips, 268) With factor prices (slaves) rising by 600 percent from 1805-1860 (Weiher), and product prices (cotton) declining by 63 percent, Phillips concluded that slavery was becoming unproductive and unprofitable due to overcapita lization in the labor force. He saw planters as bad business people, because they purchased slaves for conspicuous consumption. Furthermore, he believed the Civil War was unnecessary because slavery was doomed to fail within the generation without emancipation. Outline in some detail the revisionist view. In 1958, economists Alfred Conrad and John Meyer conducted a study by testing the hypothesis of taking appropriate variables and computing the rate of return over cost of a slave in a lifetime. Conrad and Meyer’s studies were based on four key aspects: the life expectancy of a slave, the price of a prime field hand (fixed cost) along with the of supplies necessary to maintain a slave (variable cost), land and cotton prices, and annual returns from a slave based on field labor and procreation. By understanding these variables, Conrad and Meyer were able to calculate the yearly-expected output values by taking â€Å"the price of cotton times the marginal physical product of the slave, minus yearly maintenance costs summed over the expected remaining length of life of the slave† (W.R. 225). Based on the calculation above, they were able to explain the reasons as to why slave prices would increase. If the price of cotton increases, then the demand for labor also increases which ultimately drives up slave prices. If cotton prices stay the same but there is an increase in output per worker, then the price of slaves will increase. If the cost to maintain a slave decreases, then the difference will eventually offset once slave prices increases to its equilibrium. Conrad and Meyer found Phillip’s table involving the relationship between the prices of prime field hands compared to the prices of cotton accurate; however, they explained that Phillips was missing key data to support his claims of slavery being unprofitable. Phillips completely left out the overall productivity of a slave, which was the ultimate difference in the revision of 1958. A major factor Conrad and Meyer took into consideration concerning production was the reproduction rates for females. Their researched showed that â€Å"prime hand wenches produced anywhere between 5-10 kids, and was one-half to two-thirds productive as prime field hands† (C.M. 106-107). However, an average 3 months time is lost due to pregnancy. After calculating return rates they found that women bearing 10 children would have an 8.1 percent rate of return and a women with 5 children will have a 7.1 percent rate of return. Furthermore, the rate of return per slave averaged out to 10 percen t (Weiher). In what ways do the differences in views hinge on economic interpretation? On differences in empirical evidence? On anything else? For over 50 years, Ulrich Phillip’s interpretation of slavery set precedence. His results concluded that after the mid 1850’s, slavery was increasingly becoming unproductive and unprofitable, because of overcapitalization of labor due to the rising costs of slave prices. He also believed slaves were a fictitious form of wealth based off of conspicuous consumption, and slavery was doomed to fail even without the Civil War. His studies were precedent until 1958, when economists Conrad and Meyer published an article overturning Phillips. Evidence from Conrad and Meyer implies that Phillip’s findings were inaccurate because he failed to calculate the rates of return on investments in slaves. Phillip’s relationship table between slave prices and cotton prices were accurate, and were also used in Conrad and Meyer’s studies; however, Phillips used speculation and overlooked productivity advance. Eventually Conrad and Meyer came up with a table of their own, only this time they included output. Their data shows that during the 1840’s through 1860 (the same time period Phillips said overcapitalization was steadily increasing) â€Å"slave prices rose about one and one-half times, while the value of cotton production per hand increased rose more than three times since 1842† (C.M. 116). This data supports the overturn of the overcapitalization of labor theory, because it shows that slave prices were increasing due to the fact that production was increasing more rapidly. From the rising trend of slave prices and the slave population growth suggests evidence implicating the profitability of slavery. Phillip’s believed slave prices were increasing because of conspicuous consumption, which ultimately lowed the rates of return. Conrad and Meyer countered his hypothesis with evidence showing rates of return averaging out to 10 percent, which was good or better than New England textile mills, southern railroads, and corporate bonds (Weiher). Phillip’s also suggested that diminishing returns was occurring in the late 1850’s and that slavery was going to fail soon even without emancipation. According to Dr. Weiher, from 1860-90, cotton land planted increased 2 percent per year, which was faster than the slave population growth. Land planted doubled again by 1925, which is evidence that suggests slavery was not going away in the short-term, unless emancipated. Contrast what the belief in each view can mean to the picture we have of the past and/or present. In other word, why does this difference matter? These two beliefs play a critical role in American history. The difference factor in these two views matters significantly. The traditional view claims that the Civil War was an unnecessary bloodshed to protect a system that was economically doomed; on the other hand, the revisionist’s implicates evidence suggesting the root cause of the Civil War was indeed to protect slaveholders’ investments. After Phillip’s study came out in 1905, which claimed that slavery was economically ending in less than a generation, controversy over the Civil War suggested that the reasons for fighting the war was not because of slavery, but instead, states rights. In Conrad and Meyer’s research conducted in 1958, they were able to overturn Phillip’s hypothesis and proved that slavery was not economically doomed. Their evidence showed that the rates of return for a slave was actually increasing after the 1860’s due to increased production and expansion of land planted. These results implicate conclusive evidence that shows slavery was neither unprofitable nor dying in the near future. Slaves produced much more than the cost of actually maintaining them, so it made perfect business sense for slaveholders to want to protect their assets by all means, even if it meant war.

Garrett Morgan

Seems like the flowers blossom and the skies full of joy, Garrett, oh young Garrett, are you also full of joy? Born in downtown, hated by rotten white neighbors, Who in his young mind would color in corps? He walked in the path of color, Did not taste a new kind of flavor, Wrapped in a slim black coat, Seems like living in a moat. You are like an ant, traveling in many ways, Guided not by the contours of the great minds, But the sting of a many a scorpions’ tongues, Such a scorpion is a man, lying in another man’s arms.He speaks of books, but could not fathom such, He tells of nails and numbers, but hunger enters, How long will his pain matters, So long as the heart beats and beaten. Now comes a group of his mates, Black birds flying in white rotten sky, How long shall they remain in their smile shy? The fruits of mouth are very sharp. Now Garrett is turned into a dove, Putting white color in his black skin hove, He remarks, â€Å"I will be in their hove. † But f rustrated as he is, failed and shoved. Crying and heaving heart feelings, He trembles in distaste hangings,Came a man of fancy bringing, Offers him a bead of woven linen. Alas, I came to save you from the bondages of your own misery! The tunnels are empty and danger woven, I bring light to thee, I act on the premise of my wrath, I tremble on the problems of others’ hat, I smile on the mask’s facade, The gas saves and saving. The roads are jammed and blurry, But I bring order and merry. At last, I’m in the annals of history. This poem is generally about a poor black boy (Garrett Morgan- child of former slaves) who wanted to become a member of the white society.Born into a poor family, he strove hard to be accepted by the society. Because of poverty, he stopped studying. All he could do now was imitate the fashion of the white society. The first step was to become â€Å"white† in the sense of changing the color of her skin. He failed miserably, noting that even if his skin changes, his identity will remain black, his ancestry will remain black. However, his status in society did not prevent him from making accomplishments. He invented the traffic lights and military gas mask: one of the symbols of modern society.

7.2. Did the British lose or did the Americans win the American Essay

7.2. Did the British lose or did the Americans win the American Revolution - Essay Example In my opinion, the Americans managed to win the revolution war by a whisker despite the low military strength and their poor learning. Several factors led to the British being defeated by the Americans. One of the reasons was that the Americans had a lot of support from the rest of the continent with the British having less of that. This is because they had tried to lure people to join them but they used force and restrictive laws and very few people joined them. This I think was a major boost to the side of the Americans in the revolution. The Americans had little resources than the British but they had much quicker access to them2. While Britain had to wait for almost three months, the Americans had immediate reach and this boosted their win and success of the revolution. Generally, the Americans saw the revolution more as a movement than it was a war. The support they had and the bad reputation of Britain all led to the defeat of Britain, but the major reason why they lost was because they tried to kill this revolution by

Gross Domestic Product of United Kingdom Assignment

Gross Domestic Product of United Kingdom - Assignment Example It is computed as the difference between exports and imports. In order to stimulate the economy policy makers employ either fiscal or monetary policies to affect macroeconomic variables. For instance, a decrease in interest rate can boost investment and increase the level of GDP. The current situation of UK is a very common trend in every major economy. After skyrocketing mounts in output levels, growth to start to taper off and enter a showdown. The role of policy makers during this stage cannot be overstated. In order to stimulate the economy, macroeconomic variables are regulated. However, as economics is a social science and policy makers are constrained in analyzing the effects of policies in ceteris paribus, it becomes important that they fully asses the economic repercussions of their implementations. This paper will look at the economic performance of the United Kingdom by looking at the recent historical value of GDP. The first part will discuss the behavior of GDP from 1990-2005 and determine the trends underlying this behavior. This report will also try to explain the growth or reduction in GDP by looking at the individual components of GDP. Then, it will discuss the fiscal and monetary policy of UK as well as suggest recommendation to further enhance the performance of the economy. Figure 1 shows the GDP of United Kingdom from ... GDP in constant prices is used following the rationale that it is a more accurate indicator of the real performance of the country. As opposed to measuring GDP in current prices, it relates a realistic situation as it is tied around a base year. The growth rates of GDP in the aforementioned years are also shown in order to describe the behavior of GDP. During 2005, UK reports a 1131.21 billion in GDP, rising by 1.9 percent from the 2004 level and 37 percent relative to the 1990 level. On the average, the economy is expanding at a relatively slow pace of 2.48 percent annually. Sustained growth in GDP is evidenced by the upward trend in the value of output produced. Looking at the growth rates plotted in the other axis, we can see the volatile behavior of GDP with no single trend or pattern. Expansions of output are often followed by troughs which indicate slower growths. In general, we can see positive growth rates with the exception of 1991, when GDP posted a contraction of 1.49 percent. We should also note that since 1993, UK recorded more than 2 percent growth but slowed down in 2005 as it was only able to increase by 1.9 percent. The paper will then conclude with its findings to alleviate the gap in potential and actual output levels. Figure 1 Source: International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook Database, 2005 Actual and Potential GDP Figure 2 shows the output gap in percent of potential GDP for UK from 1990-2005. At the start of 1990, we can see that the GDP of UK is relatively much higher than its potential GDP evidenced by the positive ratio. In fact, the ratio reached 1.5 which means that UK is producing 50 percent more than its potential GDP. However, this positive ratio had taken a different course in the following year

Quantitative market research report carried out on a professional Paper

Quantitative market report carried out on a professional photo service by Marketest (marketing company) - Research Paper Example In addition, although the main aim of taking photos is for memory purposes, many people have gone beyond this tradition belief, and incorporated other aspects such as taking photos for fun, marketing strategies for business among other aspects (Davis 11). In this regard, most people in the UK have decided to seek professional help in matters pertaining to photography services. This is because professional photographer may have a variety of services such as editing photos, adding literature in them and even blending them to bring out the desired purpose of the customer (Allen 7). On the other hand, it is apparent that there a great need to have professional photo services for such purposes. 2. Literature review Importance of using professional photo services for business Due to high competition in the current markets, businesses have decided to spice their marketing strategies in order to develop and maintain competitive advantage that would enable them thrive in a highly competitive market. In this regard, professional photo services play a critical role in informing customers of new and exciting products (Adrian 49). For instance, a hotel may decide to use professional photo services to display some of their new foods. ... In hotel business, entrances and table menus acts as the best places to place advertisement pictures. In addition, they are in a better position to advise the business owner of additional materials to incorporate on the picture (Obermeier and Padova 74). For businesses advertising on the internet and especially via their websites, professional photo services could decide of the best photos to be placed on the website in line with the target market and the line of business (Folsom and Goodridge 12). A good example of a professional photo services is McDonalds. Although there has been heated debate on the dietary and unhealthy effects of fast foods, McDonalds has managed to maintain a considerable number of customers due to its use of professional photo services, which are well displayed on its website and its outlets across the globe. Company vehicles are well branded with photos of different fast foods such as styled hamburger, which entices people even those that clearly know about the effects of fast foods. Studies have documented that quality photos can be used to sell a product or hurt the business greatly. A poor photo can display a negative image of business products thus affecting business performance. For instance, a poorly taken or displayed photo can translate to poor quality products, and this can shun away customers (Johnson 298). A good and quality photo can attract new customers as well as maintain the already existing ones (Malhotra and Birks 24). In this regard, professional photo services can determine the best photos to entice customers, and which; can impress them on their first encounter with them. Studies have also documented that photos can be used to put across several meanings

Approaches to management and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Approaches to management and leadership - Essay Example Western notions of leadership and management are distinct as to say that these compel tasks to be done by hook or by crook. For that, Western approaches to management have always been strictly based upon certain principles. The primary objective that includes all those principles is the objective of economic gain. Financial stability or the policy called Laisez Faire has always been on the forefront of promoting business by any means. In achieving this purpose, the workers or the employees are considered to be a means towards an end. In the Marxist point of view, the employees are next to commodities that are extensively used to generate revenue (Kumar & Ghosh, pp. 2-4, 2003). Whether we talk about the 19th Century when agricultural society was transforming into an industrial society or we talk about the contemporary world, the Western approaches have always been alike. Earlier, in the Western society, employees were treated a little less than human and were merely considered as mean s. Western philosophers and theorists like Plato, Machiavelli, Karl Marx, John Adair and many others have proposed certain theories that are applied to the Western management approaches and concepts. The theories like situational, trait and contingency theories are inculcated in the leadership concepts and these advocate that leaders have the mandate to use power and control over the manipulation of circumstances or adapt certain traits that they think are required in the present situation and that enhance their skills. Experts suggest that the approach towards leadership in the Western parameter revolves around certain traits that are utterly distinctive and differentiate the Western writers from the Eastern concepts. These characteristics are goal orientation, at first. Western leadership approach tend to direct itself to a certain prescribed goal while having multiples of these, however, Eastern theorists do not tend to think that having one single goal in mind can work in the lo ng run but a leader is one who has to manage multiple tasks together. Secondly, the concept of leadership in the West also stresses upon the characteristic of one-on-one relations. As mentioned earlier, the leader has more than merely a cursory view of the work that the subordinates assume. Moreover, the individual concerns get individual and formal time rather than incorporating them in a socialized gathering. Thirdly, Western approach bases there results on a short-term level; they are indeed goal oriented but they tend to achieve a single goal at a certain point in time and attain there short-term prospective before moving forward. Rationalism and a logical attitude is the final characteristic that defines the Western arena of leadership. The Western leadership concept tries to base all its step, methods and procedures on appropriate reasoning rather than on emotional grounds. Marx argues that the people in the managerial position are in control of the means of production of the organization and thus are not liable to any one. He analyzed that they have the power and thus, they exploit the subordinates in order to make a task done and meet the goals of the organization. Moreover, the theorist also cites that these are the people who are in close contact with the owners who gratuitously rely upon them as making and breaking of policies for the organization since they are considered as the best skilled people for this job. Thus, the overall control comes in handy to the managers who try to perpetuate the school of thought, which they have already learned from their learning institutes (Kumar & Ghosh, pp. 73-74, 2003). One major thing that separates the Eastern concepts of management and leadership from those of the Western

Hospitality Mangement - Destination Report - Comprehensive Report Assignment

Hospitality Mangement - Destination Report - Comprehensive Report - Assignment Example Santa Fe is the capital city of Mexico, and doubles up as the oldest capital city in the U.S. it is recognized as a chief tourist destination owing to its climate which supports multiple outdoor activities such as skiing in winter, and hiking in other seasons (â€Å"Santa Fe† n.p.). In addition, it hosts many cultural activities, and has an historic downtown which is also a tourist attraction. There are famous names originating from the region such as Antonio Lopez who is famous for playing a big role in Mexico’s gain of independence, Anna Gunn who is a popular actor on screen and stage, and Jeremy Rau Valdez who is famous for his awards and roles in television and film roles. One challenge to the tourist destination is the standoff between Hispanics and whites, who create tension with their rivalry, thus scare away tourists (Caffey, 13). The peak seasons in Santa Fe are during winter, which is around Christmas when there are much skiing and snow-related activities. The low season is experienced in summer, around March when temperatures can attain 55 degrees. The airfare and hotel rates vary similarly with season; with the rates escalating during high seasons, and being moderate during low seasons. Activities supported in Santa Fe include hiking, biking, mountaineering and skiing. There is much to see as well such as the Canyon Road which hosts most of Mexican heritage and historical sites such as the St. Francis of Assisi Basilica and the Plaza. Nightlife in this destination is mostly marked with music and live performances offered in the restaurants, clubs and bars. People convene and socialize in such places. There are numerous festivals held in Santa Fe such as the International Folk Art Market at Museum Hill, the Santa Fe Film festivals in December, and the Pueblo Winter Feast Days and Dances in January. There are hundreds of food palaces offering

Best Practices for Human Services Delivery Essay Example for Free

Best Practices for Human Services Delivery Essay The delivery of human services is one venture that organizations can not embark on blindly. It requires key competencies especially on the part of the staff charged with the responsibility of delivering these essential services. It is a task that also requires active participation of key stakeholders, which are basically the population and the agency. When delivering the services, the agencies concerned need to put in to consideration the views of the population. In fact, the population should be involved in the entire process of service delivery, from conception of the idea to implementation. By involving the population, it shows that the agency appreciates their contribution and value of population participatory in the process of service delivery. As a consequence, the population becomes trustworthy partners proud to be identified and associated with the agency and its services. It should be appreciated that the success of the agency in this service delivery solely depends on the response of the population. Indeed, the role of the population can not be overstated. Before the organization embarks on any service delivery, Katherine and Ellen (2009) argue that knowledge about the background of the population is vital. In the modern society, most populations are diverse. It is important that any agency understands all aspect of the population to avoid making mistakes unknowingly. One very important aspect is the competence of the agency. The staff of the agency needs to have basic skills that are vital in service delivery. Lack of skills puts the quality of the agency’s performance at stake. This is then reflected in the results of the delivery. Poor results not only have a negative impact on the image of the agency, but also threaten the future of the organization. It is unlikely that an organization whose performance is poor would get any future reference or even contracts. Besides, the agency delivering such services needs to be well endowed with adequate resources. These include money, time and knowhow (Katherine Ellen, 2009). These resources are mandatory for any success to be accomplished. They enable the agencies to finish their tasks in timely manner. In addition, they also affect the quality of service delivery. Quality and timely service delivery boosts the confidence of the population in the performance of the agency. This then ensures future growth and population confidence with the agency as contracts can be renewed and secured. Katherine and Ellen (2009) affirm that for any service delivery to be successful, trust is of essence. This should be mutual. They also argue that building trust of a diverse population can be a tricky affair. They suggest that agencies should draw part of their staff from the population. They argue that the agency may not be aware of part of the cultural expectations of the population. Besides, they may not understand the local language, a tool that is very basic in as far as communication is concerned. Poor communication system impacts directly on service delivery as misunderstandings are bound to occur. The agency should also respect the culture of the population in order to successfully deliver its services. Cultures tend to vary considerably and it is important that the agency understands every bit of the population’s culture. For instance, some populations prescribe different dress code for different persons. Although this may not be an issue in an urban population, it is highly significant in a rural setting. Contravening such may negatively impact on service delivery. In extreme cases, the service delivery may even be halted Conclusion The delivery of human services can be a very sensitive process. Utmost care need to be taken to ensure that the population approves of the agency’s performance. This will enable the agency to carry out its activities with ease, all for the benefit of the population. Above all, the agency should market its brand to the population to gain aspect of positive association.